Report for South Manitou (Michigan) - 1910
| General |
| District: | 9th |
| Inspector: | Francis J. Otter, Draftsman |
| Location: | On SE'ly point of S Manitou Island, MI. NE'ly part of Lake Michigan. Mar var. 0 degrees 15' E 1908 |
| Date of Report: | 03/03/1910 |
| Latitude: | 45° 00' 28" North |
| Longitude: | 86° 05' 40" West |
| Premises |
| Site: | Site reserved by President of US. being part of Lot 1, Sec 10, Tp. 30, NR 15W |
| Date of Reservation: | 06/16/1839 |
| Date of Deed: | |
| Date of Permission: | 06/16/1839 |
| Date of Lease: | |
| Area of the Entire Site: | 10.15 acres by original survey of A.E. Hatton, July, 1839; 12.63 acres according to survey of Geo. Y. Wisner, Sept. 1-4, 1884. |
| Area Inclosed: | 0.66 acres |
| Character of Soil: | Land & gravel. |
| Distance of tower from Nearest High-Water Mark: | 74' East of tower to shore line. |
| Inclosures to Premises / Type of Fence: | Reservation isnot fenced in. Tower, dwelling, shed & privy are fenced in with picket fences. There is a wire fence around the garden, size 135' x 171' 6". |
| Wharf or Landing on Premises: | Boat landing directly in front of fog signal house, also one constructed by USLSS in front of boat house. |
| Road to Land or Wharf Chararacter of and Distance: | From tower to boat landing in front of fog signal house, 3 plank walk, 134 lineal feet. |
| Means to Reach Light Station: | By mail boat from Glen Haven, MI., or by boat chartered in shore towns in this vicinity. |
| Distance to Nearest Road: | About 1 1/4 miles, more or less, to nearest steamboat landing. |
| Distance to Post Office: | About 1 1/4 miles more or less. |
| Distance to Village: | Seven miles to Glen Haven, MI. |
| Facilities for Public Conveyance: | None, other that mail boat from Glen Haven. |
| Facilities for Private Conveyance: | None. |
| Means Used for Support of Lantern: | Brick tower. |
| Number of Separate Lights: | 1 |
| First Built or Established: | Light, 1840; Fog signal, 1875. |
| Last Rebuilt, Repaired, or Renovated: | Light, 1872; Fog signal reconstructed 1897. |
| Condition at This Date: | Fair |
| Shape of Tower in Plan: | Round |
| Form of Tower: | Conical |
| Height from Base to Ventilator Ball: | 99' 6"; Height from base to focal plane, 91' |
| Height of Focal Plane Above Mean High Water: | 104' |
| Background of Lighthouse as Seen from Sea: | Trees & foliage of surrounding country. |
| Color of Tower: | White |
| Color of Tower/ How Produced: | Whitewash - stacked lime, etc. |
| Tower Connection: | Connected by brick covered way. 8' 2" x 44' |
| Object of Navigation: | Harbor light. Guide to S Manitou Harbor & passage btwn Manitou Islands. |
| Building Materials: | Stone, brick & cast stone. |
| General Description: | |
| Wall Thickness at Base: | 5' 2"; Exterior wall 2'; Interior wall 12"; Air space 3' 3". |
| Wall Thickness at Parapet: | Exterior wall 1' 4"; Interior wall 8"; 4" air space; total = 2' 4" |
| Diameter at Base: | Exterior 18' 4"; Interior dia. 8' |
| Diameter at Parapet: | Exterior 12' 8"; Interior dia. 8' |
| Kind of Stairway and Steps: | Cast iron; base to 1st floor - 24 steps; 1st - 2nd floor - 26 steps; 2nd - 3rd fl. & 3rd - 4th fl. 25 steps. |
| Number of Landings: | 4, 3 of 180 degrees. |
| Size of Glass: | 10" x 16" |
| Number of Windows and Size of Sash: | 3 at upper landing, semi-circular head, 14" x 37.5" x 1 3/8" double; 4 below landing square head 14 x 38 x 1 3/8 double. |
| Number of Doors: | Entrance at base of tower, double 3' 10" x 7' 4" x 1 3/4"; covered way down to tower of plate metal, 5' x 7' 3" x 3/16" |
| Kind of Foundation and Depth Below Surface: | Stone, 13'; supported on timber grillage and piles. |
| Character of Soil Surrounding the Lighthouse: | Sand & gravel. |
| Soil Susceptibility: | On portion of L-H reservation, but not in immediate vicinity of dwelling. |
| Miscellaneous Remarks: | Tower is supported on pile foundation, near shore line; shore line protected by log cribs, placed at right angles & extending out into lake. 4 cribs, each 12' x 48', averaging 100' btwn used for beach protection. |
| Lantern and Fixtures |
| Order of Lantern: | 3rd |
| Shape of Lantern: | Polygonal |
| Diameter to Glass: | 7' 8.5" btwn storm sash; 8' 2.5" btwn plate glass. |
| Diameter in the Clear: | 8' 3" |
| Number of Sides: | 10 |
| Type of Bars: | Vertical |
| Thickness of Bars: | |
| Height Glazed: | 5' 10" |
| Number of Plates in Height: | One |
| Number of Plates Each Side: | One; 9 light sides only. |
| Thickness of Plates: | 1/4" |
| Size of Plates: | 31 1/4" x 69 5/8" for outer plates; 29 1/4" x 68" for storm plates. |
| Number of Storm Panes: | 9 |
| Unglazed Side of Lantern: | 1 of 36 degrees |
| What Bearings: | |
| Construction Material Lantern: | Cast iron framework, with sheet copper roof & zinc interior lining. |
| Construction Material Roof / Cowl: | Of sheet copper secured to iron frame work. |
| Ventilator / Cowl: | Of copper |
| Lightning Spindle: | Copper point on ventilator ball with platinum tip. |
| Description of Lightning Rod: | Copper cable, 1/2" dia., attached to parapet deck, leads down NW side of tower to moisture, also copper cable, 1/2" dia. leads from base of stairway through wall to moisture. |
| Balustrade: | Outside gallery is of cast iron, 17.5" in width at angles of lantern panels, metal railing around gallery 19" in height. |
| Lantern Doors: | Trap door in floor of lantern, entrance from stairway. Entrance to outside gallery are double doors, each 10 1/4" x 5' 5 1/4" x 1 1/4" |
| Floor of Lantern: | Of cast iron, 3/4" thick. Gallery around lens is also of cast iron. |
| Watchroom Doors: | Trap door of plate metal in floor of watchroom. |
| Parapet Diameter: | 7' 7" inscribed dia. |
| Ventilators |
| Location / Number: | Built in brick parapet wall, below lens of cast iron, with 6.5" brass shutters. |
| Ladders / Cleaning Arrangement: | Ladder from parapet to upper gallery of wrought iron, 7' 2.5" long, 12" wide. |
| Curtain Hooks / Hanger: | None required. Lantern is fitted with "Hartshorn" selfacting 1 1/8" shade rollers. |
| Watchroom |
| How is Watchroom Fitted: | None in use in tower. Dwelling is used as watchroom. |
| How is Relief Called: | |
| Where is Call System Led: |
| Illuminating Apparatus |
| Kind of Apparatus: | |
| Intensity in Candles: | |
| Name of Maker: | Henry LePaute |
| Year Made: | |
| Marks and Number: | Henry LePaute A Paris |
| Order of Apparatus: | 3rd |
| Inside Diameter: | 3' 3 3/8" |
| Light Characteristic: | Fixed white |
| Time of Revolution: | |
| Flash Interval: | |
| Duration of Flash: | |
| Arc of Each Fixed Part: | 4 panels of 72 degrees & 1 small prismatic panel & hinged door forming reflector of 72 degrees. |
| Number of Panels: | 5, 4 light & 1 reflector panel. |
| Number of Flash Panels: | |
| Arc of Each: | |
| Number of Elements in Central Drum: | 13 |
| Number of Prisms Above Center Drum: | 11 |
| Number of Prisms Below Center Drum: | 4 |
| Does Apparatus Revolve?: | False |
| Is There a Revolving Belt?: | False |
| Revolving Panels: | |
| How Flash is Produced: | |
| Number of Vertical Elements Panel: | |
| Fixed Lens Covered: | |
| Pedestal: | Of cast iron, height from floor 5' 10"; shaft 8" dia., base 23" dia. |
| Service Table: | None |
| Draft Tube Description: | Of Russia sheet iron, 3 29/32" dia. 15" long; slides in upper collar on tube, fitted over chimney & leads to top of lens. |
| Revolving Machinery: | |
| Standby and Description: | |
| Chariot Float or Balls: | |
| Chariot Description: | |
| Length of Drop Tube: | |
| Clock Weight: | |
| Length of Winding Time: | |
| Drive During Rewind: | |
| Machinery Protection: | |
| Regulated: | |
| Lens Protection: | |
| How Color is Produced: | |
| Red Sectors Description: | |
| Where Color Attached: | |
| Form of Colored Glass: | |
| Lamp Description: | Regular 3rd order, improved lamp plunger type. |
| Type of Illuminant: | |
| Number of Spare Lamps: | 1 |
| Number of Spare Burners: | 2 |
| Candle Power: |
| Vapor Oil Lamp |
| Number of Wicks or Mantels: | 3 wicks |
| Diameter of Outside Wick: | 2 5/8" |
| Diameter of Mantel: | |
| Diameter of Circum Circle: |
| Closets and Store Rooms |
| Tower Closet Use: | Small closet in wall in room below lantern; size 2' 1" x 3' 2" used for storage of extra burners, chimneys, etc. Fitted up with 2 shelves. |
| Oil House Description: | (1) brick oil house 74' N of front line of dwelling, hasn't any shelving. (2) Plate metal brick lined oil house, 30' 6" NE of NE corner of brick oil house. |
| Oil House Inside Dimension: | (1) 5' 4" x 7' 2"; (2) 7' dia. |
| Oil House Construction Material: | (1) Pressed brick with sheet iron roof. (2) Plate metal walls & roof; walls brick lined. |
| Oil House Capacity: | (1) 90 5-gal cans; (2) 72 5-gal cans. |
| Other (Describe): | Attic of dwelling used as main store room for supplies, such as chimneys, wicks, wipers, etc. |
| Suitability: | Dry & well suited to purpose for which used. |
| Fog Signal General |
| Fog Signal Kind: | 10" steam whistle (standard) operated by steam boilers & steam engines; design of 1896 (Fog signal station was established 1875). |
| Time to Start: | Averages 60 minutes |
| How Long Will Pressure Last: | |
| Manufacturer: | Boilers: Kingsford Foundry & Mach. Co., Oswego, NY; Engines by Detroit Locomotive Works, Detroit, MI |
| Year of Manufacture: | 1897 (design of 1896) |
| Characteristic: | 8 sec. blast with interval of 52 sec & repeat |
| Duplication: | Boilers & engines |
| Timing Device: | Cam on cam wheel of engine |
| If whistle, siren, or trumpet, Pressure at Which Blown: | 80 lbs |
| Height Above Water: | 28' |
| Compass Direction: | |
| Location: | Marks entrance to S Manitou Harbor, & passage btwn island & mainland |
| Distance and Direction: | About 100' NE'ly from tower |
| Water Supply: | Obtained from dug well |
| Reached from Lighthouse: | By plank walks, 3 planks wide. |
| Description of Fog Signal Building: | Frame bldg, 18' x 30' x 10' high to plate, with addition for coal bin & storeroom, 18' x 30' x 10' abutting, making same T shape on plan of ext. of bldg sheathed & sided. Interior walls & ceiling of FS bldg sheathed & lined with #26 sheet steel. |
| Pressure And Recording Gauge: |
| Steam Signal |
| Steam Boiler: | Thomas Kingsford "Compact" Marine, open bottom, semi-circular hood, 3/8 flange steel outer sheet, 5/16" & 3/8" flange steel sheets for firebox & comb. |
| Kind: | Marine |
| Tube: | Flue tube |
| Dimensions: | Height 7' 10" |
| Length: | 6' 6 3/4" |
| Diameter: | 4' 9 3/4" |
| Tube Description: | 102 - 4' 10 1/4" (net 4' 9.5") |
| Steam Tube Diameter: | 2.5" |
| Steam Furnace Kind: | Part of boiler, drop head |
| Furnace Length: | 5' 1" |
| Furnace Width: | 4' 3" |
| Furnace Height: | 21" avg. |
| Steam Heat Surface: | 393.95 sq. ft. |
| Steam Grate Surface: | 21.75 sq. ft. |
| Number of Grate Bars: | 18 - 5' long |
| Kind of Grate Bars: | Cast iron, double bars, spade ends. |
| Steam Fuel: | Wood generally used. |
| Steam Safety Valve: | Ball & lever valve, 2.5" brass seats, screw ends |
| Steam Maximum Pressure: | 120# |
| Steam Working Pressure: | 80# |
| Steam Diameter of Smokestack: | 20" dia. |
| Smokestack Height: | 34' |
| Drum Dimension: | 5' 3.5" |
| Steam Drum Diameter: | 2' 6.5" outside |
| Steam Covering: | None |
| Steam Boiler Condition: | Good |
| Steam Boiler Built: | 1897 |
| Where Built: | Oswego, NY |
| Manufacturer: | Kingsford Foundry & Machine Co. |
| Steam Heater: | False |
| Kind: | |
| Size: | |
| Heater Time Affect: | |
| Steam Engine Kind: | Horizontal |
| Steam Engine Revolutions: | 120 rpm |
| Steam Engine Cyl. Diameter: | 4" |
| Steam Engine Piston Stroke: | 6" |
| Steam Engine Pipe Size: | 3/4" |
| Steam Engine When Built: | 1897 |
| Steam Engine Where Built: | Detroit, MI |
| Manufacturer: | Detroit Locomotive Works |
| Whistle Signal |
| Whistle Diameter: | 10" |
| Whistle Height: | 19" inside |
| Whistle Orifice: | |
| Whistle Tone: | Single tone |
| Whistle Chime: |
| Dwelling |
| Location: | Brick dwelling is 44' NW'ly in rear of tower. Size of dwelling 30' 2" x 32' 3", connected w/ tower w/ brick covered way. |
| Coloring: | White, stone foundation; buff, elevation; bronze green, cornice & window frames; red roof. |
| Construction Materials: | Stone foundations, brick walls; floors, partitions & roofs are of ordinary construction. |
| Number of Rooms: | 3 rooms in basement, 3 rooms 1st floor & 4 rooms on 2nd floor; also pantry & 5 closets. |
| Number of Dwellings: | 1 |
| Heating Plant: | |
| Number of Keepers: | Keeper & 2 assts. occupy single dwelling. |
| Furnished Quarters: | |
| NOT Furnished Quarters: | |
| Outhouses: | Boat house 21' 2" x 36' 2"; Barn 20' 4" x 24' 4"; Woodshed 14' 8" x 16' 2"; Privy 6' 2" x 7' 2" |
| Outhouse Coloring: | Boat house, lead color, green roof; Barn, whitewashed; Woodshed & privy, whitewashed elevations, red roofs. |
| Paths and Walks: | There are walks to all outbldgs, a total of 315' 6" of concrete walks around dwelling, balance of walks are of planks. |
| Area Inclosed: | Dwellings & outbldgs are enclosed by fencing 0.66 acres. |
| Area of Garden: | No garden - on acct. of shifting sand. |
| Area Timber or Shrubbery: | About 8 acres, more or less. |
| Cultivation Area Available: | None on L-H reservation. |
| Area Cultivated: | None |
| Character of Surroundings: | Shifting sand, sand & gravel & sandy loam. Farms in vicinity of station have mostly soil of sandy loam. |
| Stove, Maker: | |
| Stove, Size: | |
| Sink, Maker: | |
| Sink, Size: | |
| Pump, Maker: | |
| Pump, Size: | |
| Lamps: |
| Water |
| How Procured: | For Fog signal, by dug well. For domestic use, by driven well. |
| Quality: | Good |
| Quantity: | Ample |
| Injury Possible: | Not liable |
| Purity Precaution: | Cistern, under dwelling is generally cleaned out annually. |
| Tank Capacity: | Cistern is under dwelling, 7' 4" x 7' 6" x 7.5'; 1017 gals.; Tank in F.S. bldg 7' 6" dia., 7' high, 2019 gals. |
| Tank Material: | Cistern is of brick, cement coated. Tank is of metal, plate steel. |
| Distilling Apparatus: | False |
| Distilling Manufacturer: | |
| Well Description: | F.S. well, 12' deep, 5' below water level. Driven well pipe, driven down to abt. 8' below water level. |
| Well Diameter: | F.S. well, 2' 6" x 2' 6"; Driven well 1 1/4" galv. iron pipe. |
| Well Lining: | F.S. well, plank curbing. |
| Pump or Bucket: | Pumps |
| What Power Used: | |
| Distance from Dwelling: | Abt. 75' to driven well from kitchen. F.S. well is S of bldg abt. 10'. |
| Healthfulness |
| General Opinion: | Generally good health prevails. |
| Diseases: | |
| Prevalency: | |
| Local Causes: | None |
| Recommended Improvements: | Drainage unnecessary |
| Miscellaneous |
| Access to Lighthouse: | Boat landing 8' x 8" made of 2" x 6" stock spiked together; crib is fitted with stone & connected with abutment of timber, inside shore line by 12' span, abt. 3' of water at end of crib. Boathouse erected 1901, located on US Life Saving Station reserve. |
| Distance and Direction: | From tower to landing 134' in NE'ly direction. From tower to Boathouse abt. 1430' in N'ly direction. |
| Miscellaneous Remarks: | There is a US Life Saving Station near lighthouse reservation. There is a Weather Bureau Signal Station on island, being a steel tower, near US Weather Bureau cable station; Electrical connection with mainland. |