Report for Sand Beach Harbor of Refuge N side E entrance (Michigan) - 1886
General |
District: | 11th |
Inspector: | Lighthouse Engineer |
Location: | Main light at Sand Beach - located at S end of Main breakwater pier 10' from inner wall & on N side of main entrance. |
Date of Report: | 02/03/1886 |
Latitude: | 43° 50' 47" |
Longitude: | 82° 35' 45" |
Premises |
Site: | |
Date of Reservation: | |
Date of Deed: | |
Date of Permission: | |
Date of Lease: | |
Area of the Entire Site: | Foundation 40' x 60' |
Area Inclosed: | |
Character of Soil: | |
Distance of tower from Nearest High-Water Mark: | |
Inclosures to Premises / Type of Fence: | Pier Railing composed of 2" wrought iron pipe & fittings & detachable chain railing at boat cranes |
Wharf or Landing on Premises: | Concrete pier |
Road to Land or Wharf Chararacter of and Distance: | |
Means to Reach Light Station: | By RR or steamboat to village of Sand Beach & from thence in Keeper's boat. |
Distance to Nearest Road: | 3000' to Jenk's wharf & 4350' to US Life Saving Station in village of Sand Beach, MI. |
Distance to Post Office: | About 1 mile - Sand Beach |
Distance to Village: | About 1 mile - Sand Beach |
Facilities for Public Conveyance: | None |
Facilities for Private Conveyance: | By boat from Sand Beach about 1 mile |
Means Used for Support of Lantern: | Cast iron tower |
Number of Separate Lights: | 1 |
First Built or Established: | 1885 |
Last Rebuilt, Repaired, or Renovated: | |
Condition at This Date: | New |
Shape of Tower in Plan: | Circular |
Form of Tower: | |
Height from Base to Ventilator Ball: | 44' 4" |
Height of Focal Plane Above Mean High Water: | 54' 4" (9/11/1885) |
Background of Lighthouse as Seen from Sea: | |
Color of Tower: | Brown |
Color of Tower/ How Produced: | Iron ore paint |
Tower Connection: | Keepers (3) occupy tower as dwelling. |
Object of Navigation: | Coast & harbor light at main entrance of harbor of refuge. |
Building Materials: | Iron, 1st 3 stories lined with brick & plastered with cement finish. 4th story, watchroom & lantern panels ceiled with beaded ceiling 7/8" thick. |
General Description: | Tower of cast iron, shell 3/4" thick. |
Wall Thickness at Base: | 12" brick lining laid in cement mortar. |
Wall Thickness at Parapet: | Ceiled with 7/8" ceiling. |
Diameter at Base: | 22' |
Diameter at Parapet: | 18' |
Kind of Stairway and Steps: | Cast iron circular continuous against brick lining. |
Number of Landings: | 3 |
Size of Glass: | 20" x 20" circular windows 12" dia. |
Number of Windows and Size of Sash: | 8 - 20" x 20" & 15 circular sas 12" lights. |
Number of Doors: | 13 |
Kind of Foundation and Depth Below Surface: | Substructure a timber crib filled with rubble stone to within 2' of lake level. Superstructure of concrete rising 10' above lake. Located in 28' of water. |
Character of Soil Surrounding the Lighthouse: | None |
Soil Susceptibility: | None |
Miscellaneous Remarks: | Pier is 40' wide x 60' long running parallel to breakwater & connected by wooden bridge 6' wide. There is a cellar under tower 16' dia, 7' deep having 12" wall separated from concrete by 6" space. Brick ctr pier supports cast iron floor plates & ctr cols. |
Lantern and Fixtures |
Order of Lantern: | 4th |
Shape of Lantern: | |
Diameter to Glass: | 7' |
Diameter in the Clear: | |
Number of Sides: | 10 |
Type of Bars: | |
Thickness of Bars: | |
Height Glazed: | 36" |
Number of Plates in Height: | One |
Number of Plates Each Side: | One |
Thickness of Plates: | 1/4" |
Size of Plates: | 26.5" x 36" |
Number of Storm Panes: | None |
Unglazed Side of Lantern: | None |
What Bearings: | |
Construction Material Lantern: | Cast iron |
Construction Material Roof / Cowl: | Cast iron lined with zinc 1/32" thick. |
Ventilator / Cowl: | Cast iron |
Lightning Spindle: | Wrought iron, brass fire gilded & platinum point 2" long. |
Description of Lightning Rod: | Pinnacle screwed to cowl by nut. Iron tower forms conductor to base where galv. iron wire rope 3/4" dia. is attached by means of eye bolt, rope leading over pier into lake. A 20# weight at lower end serves to keep wire in place. |
Balustrade: | Cast iron posts & wrought iron railing. |
Lantern Doors: | With 2 gun metal hinges & gun metal bolt. |
Floor of Lantern: | Cast iron |
Watchroom Doors: | Boiler plate trap door fitted with gun metal hinges, leading from wire ladder into lantern. |
Parapet Diameter: |
Ventilators |
Location / Number: | Lower part of lantern (4) |
Ladders / Cleaning Arrangement: | None - not necessary |
Curtain Hooks / Hanger: | 10 brass curtain hooks screwed into astragals. |
Watchroom |
How is Watchroom Fitted: | Table & cupboard |
How is Relief Called: | None |
Where is Call System Led: |
Illuminating Apparatus |
Kind of Apparatus: | 5 hours |
Intensity in Candles: | |
Name of Maker: | |
Year Made: | |
Marks and Number: | |
Order of Apparatus: | 4th |
Inside Diameter: | |
Light Characteristic: | Fixed white varied by red flash every 90 sec. |
Time of Revolution: | |
Flash Interval: | |
Duration of Flash: | |
Arc of Each Fixed Part: | Fixed varied by flashes 360 degrees; lights entire horizon. |
Number of Panels: | 4 |
Number of Flash Panels: | |
Arc of Each: | |
Number of Elements in Central Drum: | |
Number of Prisms Above Center Drum: | 6 |
Number of Prisms Below Center Drum: | 3 |
Does Apparatus Revolve?: | False |
Is There a Revolving Belt?: | False |
Revolving Panels: | |
How Flash is Produced: | By 2 panels of vertical elements revolving outside of fixed lens |
Number of Vertical Elements Panel: | 2 |
Fixed Lens Covered: | |
Pedestal: | Cast iron |
Service Table: | Cast iron |
Draft Tube Description: | None |
Revolving Machinery: | Clockwork made by Stevens, Boston, MA |
Standby and Description: | |
Chariot Float or Balls: | |
Chariot Description: | |
Length of Drop Tube: | 15 1/4' |
Clock Weight: | |
Length of Winding Time: | 5 hours |
Drive During Rewind: | |
Machinery Protection: | Cast iron case |
Regulated: | By fly governor |
Lens Protection: | |
How Color is Produced: | By ruby screens attached to panels |
Red Sectors Description: | |
Where Color Attached: | |
Form of Colored Glass: | |
Lamp Description: | Hain's 1-wick mineral oil |
Type of Illuminant: | Mineral oil |
Number of Spare Lamps: | 2 |
Number of Spare Burners: | |
Candle Power: |
Clock Cord Description |
Revolving Cord: | |
Size of Clock Cord: | |
Length of Clock Cord: | |
How Led: | Thru floor of lantern into drop tube. |
Diameter and Length of Clock Drum: |
Closets and Store Rooms |
Tower Closet Use: | 7 - fitted with shelves & hooks. 3 closets on 1st floor in brick lining of tower each fitted with 3 shelves 13.5" wide 3' long. 2 closets each in 2nd & 3rd stories, each fitted with 3 shelves & hooks. |
Oil House Description: | Oil room partitioned off in coal room under fog signal house - fitted with shelves. |
Oil House Inside Dimension: | 13' x 19' |
Oil House Construction Material: | |
Oil House Capacity: | Mineral oil in boxed cans arranged on shelves in Oil Room. |
Other (Describe): | Cellar & closets in tower to be used for this purpose: 1st story closets for kitchen use; 2nd & 3rd story for principal & asst keepers use. Cupboard in watchroom 4' wide x 4' deep. |
Suitability: |
Fog Signal General |
Fog Signal Kind: | 10" whistle & machinery in duplicate Lighthouse Board's design of January 1883 (no modifications) |
Time to Start: | |
How Long Will Pressure Last: | |
Manufacturer: | |
Year of Manufacture: | |
Characteristic: | 1 5-sec blast followed by an interval of 25 sec. |
Duplication: | |
Timing Device: | |
If whistle, siren, or trumpet, Pressure at Which Blown: | |
Height Above Water: | |
Compass Direction: | |
Location: | N of tower & within 3' of same. Guide to main harbor entrance during Fogs & Snowstorms |
Distance and Direction: | 3' |
Water Supply: | From Lake or 2 iron tanks over boilers. |
Reached from Lighthouse: | |
Description of Fog Signal Building: | Frame bldg 22 x 29' studding 6x6" sheathed with 2" planking placed diagonally on outside & ceiled with 1" flooring on inside, roof & sides covered with No. 18 corr. iron inside lined with No. 26 smooth iron walls filled with lime & sawdust. |
Pressure And Recording Gauge: |
Steam Signal |
Steam Boiler: | Return tubular |
Kind: | 4" x 9" vertical engine |
Tube: | |
Dimensions: | |
Length: | 4' |
Diameter: | 42" |
Tube Description: | |
Steam Tube Diameter: | |
Steam Furnace Kind: | |
Furnace Length: | |
Furnace Width: | |
Furnace Height: | |
Steam Heat Surface: | |
Steam Grate Surface: | |
Number of Grate Bars: | |
Kind of Grate Bars: | |
Steam Fuel: | |
Steam Safety Valve: | |
Steam Maximum Pressure: | |
Steam Working Pressure: | |
Steam Diameter of Smokestack: | |
Smokestack Height: | |
Drum Dimension: | |
Steam Drum Diameter: | |
Steam Covering: | |
Steam Boiler Condition: | |
Steam Boiler Built: | |
Where Built: | |
Manufacturer: | |
Steam Heater: | False |
Kind: | |
Size: | |
Heater Time Affect: | |
Steam Engine Kind: | |
Steam Engine Revolutions: | |
Steam Engine Cyl. Diameter: | |
Steam Engine Piston Stroke: | |
Steam Engine Pipe Size: | |
Steam Engine When Built: | |
Steam Engine Where Built: | |
Manufacturer: |
Whistle Signal |
Whistle Diameter: | 10" |
Whistle Height: | 18" |
Whistle Orifice: | |
Whistle Tone: | |
Whistle Chime: |
Dwelling |
Location: | In tower |
Coloring: | |
Construction Materials: | |
Number of Rooms: | |
Number of Dwellings: | |
Heating Plant: | |
Number of Keepers: | |
Furnished Quarters: | |
NOT Furnished Quarters: | |
Outhouses: | |
Outhouse Coloring: | |
Paths and Walks: | |
Area Inclosed: | |
Area of Garden: | |
Area Timber or Shrubbery: | |
Cultivation Area Available: | |
Area Cultivated: | |
Character of Surroundings: | |
Stove, Maker: | |
Stove, Size: | |
Sink, Maker: | |
Sink, Size: | |
Pump, Maker: | |
Pump, Size: | |
Lamps: |
Water |
How Procured: | From Lake |
Quality: | Good |
Quantity: | Ample |
Injury Possible: | No |
Purity Precaution: | None |
Tank Capacity: | 2 tanks for fog signal 3' dia x 4' high total cap'y 423 gal. |
Tank Material: | None |
Distilling Apparatus: | False |
Distilling Manufacturer: | |
Well Description: | |
Well Diameter: | |
Well Lining: | |
Pump or Bucket: | Pump & bucket from lake. |
What Power Used: | |
Distance from Dwelling: |
Miscellaneous |
Access to Lighthouse: | Wrought iron boat crane located on E face of lighthouse pier facing breakwater pier. Top of pier has concrete finish with 3" pitch from base of tower & signal house. |
Distance and Direction: | |
Miscellaneous Remarks: | To prevent damage by vessels colliding with pier, SW corner protected by 3 heavy steel rails bent to fit corner & securely spiked to timber. As protection against ice, channel side & part of harbor sides covered with 3/8" plate iron 6' wide (3' abv & blw) |