Report for Duluth Range Front (Minnesota) - 1910
| General |
| District: | 11th |
| Inspector: | Oliver G. Brown |
| Location: | On the outer end of the S pier, at the entrance to Duluth Harbor, W'ly end of Lake Superior |
| Date of Report: | 09/08/1910 |
| Latitude: | 46° 46' 49" |
| Longitude: | 92° 05' 17" |
| Premises |
| Site: | Pierhead by permission of War Department |
| Date of Reservation: | |
| Date of Deed: | |
| Date of Permission: | |
| Date of Lease: | |
| Area of the Entire Site: | |
| Area Inclosed: | |
| Character of Soil: | |
| Distance of tower from Nearest High-Water Mark: | |
| Inclosures to Premises / Type of Fence: | |
| Wharf or Landing on Premises: | |
| Road to Land or Wharf Chararacter of and Distance: | |
| Means to Reach Light Station: | |
| Distance to Nearest Road: | |
| Distance to Post Office: | |
| Distance to Village: | |
| Facilities for Public Conveyance: | |
| Facilities for Private Conveyance: | |
| Means Used for Support of Lantern: | Tower |
| Number of Separate Lights: | One |
| First Built or Established: | 1874 |
| Last Rebuilt, Repaired, or Renovated: | 1901 |
| Condition at This Date: | Good |
| Shape of Tower in Plan: | Square |
| Form of Tower: | Sq. prism |
| Height from Base to Ventilator Ball: | 35' |
| Height of Focal Plane Above Mean High Water: | 44' |
| Background of Lighthouse as Seen from Sea: | |
| Color of Tower: | Buff |
| Color of Tower/ How Produced: | Natural brick color |
| Tower Connection: | Tower rises from corner of fog signal bldg. on outer end of S. pier |
| Object of Navigation: | Harbor light guide to entrance to Duluth Harbor. |
| Building Materials: | Buff colored brick |
| General Description: | |
| Wall Thickness at Base: | Outer wall 8"; air space 2"; inner wall 4" |
| Wall Thickness at Parapet: | Outer wall 8"; air space 2"; inner wall 4" |
| Diameter at Base: | 8' |
| Diameter at Parapet: | 8' |
| Kind of Stairway and Steps: | Circ. cast iron with pipe rail |
| Number of Landings: | 1 & lantern floor |
| Size of Glass: | 10 x 16 |
| Number of Windows and Size of Sash: | 4 circ. windows, 14" dia. 2 other windows semi-circ. top each 20" x 14" |
| Number of Doors: | 2 wooden doors lead from fog signal into lower part of tower |
| Kind of Foundation and Depth Below Surface: | Rests on concrete pier |
| Character of Soil Surrounding the Lighthouse: | |
| Soil Susceptibility: | |
| Miscellaneous Remarks: | Buff colored sq. brick tower rising from SE corner of 1 story buff brick fog signal bldg. with red roof & black lantern. |
| Lantern and Fixtures |
| Order of Lantern: | 4th |
| Shape of Lantern: | Cylindrical |
| Diameter to Glass: | 3' 9 5/8" from cr. of lens to glass |
| Diameter in the Clear: | |
| Number of Sides: | Circular |
| Type of Bars: | Helical |
| Thickness of Bars: | |
| Height Glazed: | 3' |
| Number of Plates in Height: | One |
| Number of Plates Each Side: | |
| Thickness of Plates: | 1/4" |
| Size of Plates: | 24" |
| Number of Storm Panes: | None |
| Unglazed Side of Lantern: | All sides glazed |
| What Bearings: | |
| Construction Material Lantern: | Cast iron throughout; lower part lined inside with iron plates. |
| Construction Material Roof / Cowl: | Cast iron conical roof lined with sheet zinc. Tin cone lens protector attached to peak by iron strap |
| Ventilator / Cowl: | Cast iron |
| Lightning Spindle: | Copper with platinum tip. |
| Description of Lightning Rod: | No lightning conductor |
| Balustrade: | 3 rails - upper is 2" x 5/8" iron - 2 lower are each 2" x 1/2"; hold 1/2" vert. spindles - stanchions with ball tops - floor is sq. in plan & cast iron. |
| Lantern Doors: | Single fold iron door leads from lantern to outside gallery. Door is full height of lantern |
| Floor of Lantern: | Cast iron |
| Watchroom Doors: | No watch room |
| Parapet Diameter: |
| Ventilators |
| Location / Number: | 4 ventilators in parapet |
| Ladders / Cleaning Arrangement: | None |
| Curtain Hooks / Hanger: | Curtains on rollers attached to window casings. |
| Illuminating Apparatus |
| Kind of Apparatus: | |
| Intensity in Candles: | |
| Name of Maker: | Barbier & Fenestre, Paris |
| Year Made: | 1877 |
| Marks and Number: | BF/54 |
| Order of Apparatus: | 4th |
| Inside Diameter: | 19 5/8" |
| Light Characteristic: | Fx. red |
| Time of Revolution: | Not moveable |
| Flash Interval: | |
| Duration of Flash: | |
| Arc of Each Fixed Part: | |
| Number of Panels: | 4 |
| Number of Flash Panels: | |
| Arc of Each: | |
| Number of Elements in Central Drum: | 5 |
| Number of Prisms Above Center Drum: | 6 |
| Number of Prisms Below Center Drum: | 4 |
| Does Apparatus Revolve?: | False |
| Is There a Revolving Belt?: | False |
| Revolving Panels: | |
| How Flash is Produced: | |
| Number of Vertical Elements Panel: | |
| Fixed Lens Covered: | |
| Pedestal: | Regulation cast iron pedestal |
| Service Table: | |
| Draft Tube Description: | |
| Revolving Machinery: | Not revolving |
| Standby and Description: | |
| Chariot Float or Balls: | |
| Chariot Description: | |
| Length of Drop Tube: | |
| Clock Weight: | |
| Length of Winding Time: | |
| Drive During Rewind: | |
| Machinery Protection: | |
| Regulated: | |
| Lens Protection: | |
| How Color is Produced: | |
| Red Sectors Description: | |
| Where Color Attached: | |
| Form of Colored Glass: | |
| Lamp Description: | 4th ord. Fk. Hp. |
| Type of Illuminant: | |
| Number of Spare Lamps: | 1 |
| Number of Spare Burners: | None |
| Candle Power: |
| Vapor Oil Lamp |
| Number of Wicks or Mantels: | |
| Diameter of Outside Wick: | 1 - 1/2" |
| Diameter of Mantel: | |
| Diameter of Circum Circle: |
| Closets and Store Rooms |
| Tower Closet Use: | None |
| Oil House Description: | See rear range |
| Oil House Inside Dimension: | |
| Oil House Construction Material: | |
| Oil House Capacity: | |
| Other (Describe): | |
| Suitability: |
| Fog Signal General |
| Fog Signal Kind: | 10" steam whistle. Has parabolic sound reflector giving shrill tone. |
| Time to Start: | 30 min. |
| How Long Will Pressure Last: | |
| Manufacturer: | Built by Gearing Bros. |
| Year of Manufacture: | Originally built 1885, rebuilt 1901 |
| Characteristic: | 5 sec blast, 30 sec silent |
| Duplication: | All parts |
| Timing Device: | Spur & worm gear operating cam |
| If whistle, siren, or trumpet, Pressure at Which Blown: | Whistle at 80# |
| Height Above Water: | |
| Compass Direction: | |
| Location: | On outer end of S pier, Duluth Harbor entrance |
| Distance and Direction: | Front range is at SE corner of bldg. |
| Water Supply: | From lake. Steel tank in fog signal house is 4.5' in dia. & 5' high. Capacity 600 gal. Steam injector & hand pump. |
| Reached from Lighthouse: | Front range is at SE corner of bldg. |
| Description of Fog Signal Building: | Built of buff brick on concrete harbor pier; is 22' & 24' wide & 45' long; corrugated iron roof. |
| Pressure And Recording Gauge: |
| Steam Signal |
| Steam Boiler: | |
| Kind: | Standard locomotive |
| Tube: | Tubular |
| Dimensions: | Ht. 5' 3.5" |
| Length: | 15' 6" |
| Diameter: | 3' 10" wide |
| Tube Description: | 58 tubes 8' long |
| Steam Tube Diameter: | 2.5" |
| Steam Furnace Kind: | Locomotive |
| Furnace Length: | 5' |
| Furnace Width: | 3' 3 1/4" |
| Furnace Height: | 3' 11" |
| Steam Heat Surface: | 371 |
| Steam Grate Surface: | 16 1/4 sq. ft. |
| Number of Grate Bars: | 16 |
| Kind of Grate Bars: | Double bars, 58" long |
| Steam Fuel: | Soft coal |
| Steam Safety Valve: | Lever, 2.5", single side outlet |
| Steam Maximum Pressure: | 150# |
| Steam Working Pressure: | 80# |
| Steam Diameter of Smokestack: | 20" |
| Smokestack Height: | Brick chimney |
| Drum Dimension: | 4' |
| Steam Drum Diameter: | 30" |
| Steam Covering: | Combination |
| Steam Boiler Condition: | Good |
| Steam Boiler Built: | 1885 |
| Where Built: | Detroit, Mich. |
| Manufacturer: | Russell Wheel & Foundry Co. |
| Steam Heater: | True |
| Kind: | Smith |
| Size: | 38 x 23 |
| Heater Time Affect: | |
| Steam Engine Kind: | Vertical |
| Steam Engine Revolutions: | 120 rpm |
| Steam Engine Cyl. Diameter: | 4" |
| Steam Engine Piston Stroke: | 9" |
| Steam Engine Pipe Size: | 3/4" |
| Steam Engine When Built: | 1885 |
| Steam Engine Where Built: | Detroit, Mich. |
| Manufacturer: | Russell Wheel & Foundry Co. |
| Whistle Signal |
| Whistle Diameter: | 10" |
| Whistle Height: | 18" |
| Whistle Orifice: | 2 3/8" to 2 11/16" |
| Whistle Tone: | Yes, single tone |
| Whistle Chime: |
| Water |
| How Procured: | From lake by steam pump & syphon. |
| Quality: | Good |
| Quantity: | |
| Injury Possible: | |
| Purity Precaution: | |
| Tank Capacity: | |
| Tank Material: | |
| Distilling Apparatus: | False |
| Distilling Manufacturer: | |
| Well Description: | It is surrounded by brick & concrete curbing 3' sq. & 3' high.; cut thro concrete floor into stone filled crib below. |
| Well Diameter: | |
| Well Lining: | |
| Pump or Bucket: | |
| What Power Used: | |
| Distance from Dwelling: | Well is located in S gallery of fog signal house |
| Miscellaneous |
| Access to Lighthouse: | |
| Distance and Direction: | |
| Miscellaneous Remarks: | A tramway is built in gallery of pier under promenade. Track is 2' 3 3/4" gauge & is provided with special hand pump car. |