Report for Waugoshance Light Station (Michigan) - 1907
| General |
| District: | 9th |
| Inspector: | Francis J. Otter, 9th Lighthouse Dist. Eng. Office |
| Location: | On NW'ly end of Waugoshance Shoal, MI., about 2 miles NW'ly of Waugoshance Island, NW'ly end of Lake Michigan. Mag. var. 0 degrees 51' N |
| Date of Report: | 12/03/1907 |
| Latitude: | 45° 47' 15" |
| Longitude: | 85° 05' 31" |
| Premises |
| Site: | Located on cirb structure on NW end of Waugoshance Shoal. |
| Date of Reservation: | |
| Date of Deed: | |
| Date of Permission: | |
| Date of Lease: | |
| Area of the Entire Site: | Pier 80' 9" x 90' 5" |
| Area Inclosed: | |
| Character of Soil: | |
| Distance of tower from Nearest High-Water Mark: | 9' |
| Inclosures to Premises / Type of Fence: | |
| Wharf or Landing on Premises: | Boat landing on pier |
| Road to Land or Wharf Chararacter of and Distance: | |
| Means to Reach Light Station: | By small boat from Cross Village, MI., or from Machinaw City, MI. |
| Distance to Nearest Road: | Stage road to Cross Village, MI., RR station at Mackinaw City |
| Distance to Post Office: | 10 miles |
| Distance to Village: | Cross Village - 10 miles |
| Facilities for Public Conveyance: | None |
| Facilities for Private Conveyance: | By boat from Cross Village or Mackinaw City. |
| Means Used for Support of Lantern: | Iron tower, dwelling @ fog signal bldg. |
| Number of Separate Lights: | 1 |
| First Built or Established: | 1851 |
| Last Rebuilt, Repaired, or Renovated: | Tower covered with tank iron & 4" of cement concrete btwn iron plate & old brick wall; 1883 |
| Condition at This Date: | Good |
| Shape of Tower in Plan: | Circular |
| Form of Tower: | Conical |
| Height from Base to Ventilator Ball: | 76' |
| Height of Focal Plane Above Mean High Water: | 74' |
| Background of Lighthouse as Seen from Sea: | Numerous small islets, covered with shrubbery. |
| Color of Tower: | Bldgs red & white in alternate horizontal bands |
| Color of Tower/ How Produced: | Band under lantern white, red lineable with zinc roof of dwelling, all below roof white. |
| Tower Connection: | Tower connected to keepers dwelling & fog signal bldg. |
| Object of Navigation: | Coast light marks Waugashance Shoal & turning point at W'ly end of Straits of Mackinac |
| Building Materials: | Brick encased with tank iron, riveted together & filled in btwn plate & brick with 4" of cement concrete. |
| General Description: | |
| Wall Thickness at Base: | 5' 6" |
| Wall Thickness at Parapet: | 2' 1" |
| Diameter at Base: | 20' |
| Diameter at Parapet: | 15' 2" |
| Kind of Stairway and Steps: | Cast iron, circular |
| Number of Landings: | 3 |
| Size of Glass: | 7" x 9" |
| Number of Windows and Size of Sash: | 3, 2" thick, 1' 6" x 1' 10" |
| Number of Doors: | 2 doors & 2 openings for doors |
| Kind of Foundation and Depth Below Surface: | Masonry |
| Character of Soil Surrounding the Lighthouse: | Concrete protecting pier. |
| Soil Susceptibility: | None |
| Miscellaneous Remarks: | Tower is located on pier, NW end of Waugoshance Shoal. |
| Lantern and Fixtures |
| Order of Lantern: | 4th |
| Shape of Lantern: | Polygonal |
| Diameter to Glass: | 11' 1 1/4" dia. |
| Diameter in the Clear: | |
| Number of Sides: | 16 |
| Type of Bars: | Vertical |
| Thickness of Bars: | |
| Height Glazed: | 47 3/8" height of glass. |
| Number of Plates in Height: | One |
| Number of Plates Each Side: | One |
| Thickness of Plates: | 3/8" |
| Size of Plates: | 24" x 47 5/8" |
| Number of Storm Panes: | None |
| Unglazed Side of Lantern: | None |
| What Bearings: | |
| Construction Material Lantern: | Cast iron |
| Construction Material Roof / Cowl: | Sheet copper |
| Ventilator / Cowl: | Copper |
| Lightning Spindle: | Bronze with platinum tip |
| Description of Lightning Rod: | Copper rod 1/2" dia., from top of lantern down outside of tower to water |
| Balustrade: | Iron |
| Lantern Doors: | In rebate of parapet, opening outwards |
| Floor of Lantern: | Iron |
| Watchroom Doors: | Trap door in iron floor of deck fitted in rebate. |
| Parapet Diameter: | 11' |
| Ventilators |
| Location / Number: | Sliding pattern, iron, 8 in number |
| Ladders / Cleaning Arrangement: | None required |
| Curtain Hooks / Hanger: | 1 set, common brass hook, secured to posts. |
| Illuminating Apparatus |
| Kind of Apparatus: | About 5 hours |
| Intensity in Candles: | |
| Name of Maker: | H. LePaute |
| Year Made: | |
| Marks and Number: | H.L.318 Henri LePaute, Paris |
| Order of Apparatus: | 4th |
| Inside Diameter: | 19 11/16" |
| Light Characteristic: | Fixed white varied by white flash every 45 sec. |
| Time of Revolution: | |
| Flash Interval: | |
| Duration of Flash: | |
| Arc of Each Fixed Part: | Arc of illumination 360 degrees |
| Number of Panels: | 4 |
| Number of Flash Panels: | 2 |
| Arc of Each: | |
| Number of Elements in Central Drum: | 5 |
| Number of Prisms Above Center Drum: | 6 |
| Number of Prisms Below Center Drum: | 3 |
| Does Apparatus Revolve?: | False |
| Is There a Revolving Belt?: | False |
| Revolving Panels: | 2 flash panels of 5 vertical elements |
| How Flash is Produced: | With 2 flash panels, revolving outside of fixed lens. |
| Number of Vertical Elements Panel: | 5 |
| Fixed Lens Covered: | Height of lens covered by panel = 21 1/4" |
| Pedestal: | Cast iron, with brass covered legs; 43 3/4" high. |
| Service Table: | Cast iron; part of pedestal, 4 stanchions or legs run thru it. |
| Draft Tube Description: | |
| Revolving Machinery: | Revolving apparatus, made by H. LePaute, placed on service table at side of Pedestal. |
| Standby and Description: | |
| Chariot Float or Balls: | Balls |
| Chariot Description: | |
| Length of Drop Tube: | Clock cord, about 45' on double turn |
| Clock Weight: | |
| Length of Winding Time: | About 5 hours |
| Drive During Rewind: | |
| Machinery Protection: | By glass & brass case. |
| Regulated: | By fly governor |
| Lens Protection: | |
| How Color is Produced: | |
| Red Sectors Description: | None |
| Where Color Attached: | |
| Form of Colored Glass: | |
| Lamp Description: | New 4th order 1 wick to burner |
| Type of Illuminant: | |
| Number of Spare Lamps: | 2 complete lamps |
| Number of Spare Burners: | None. Burners attached to & form part of lamp. |
| Candle Power: |
| Clock Cord Description |
| Revolving Cord: | Reg. 4th order cord, steel cable, soft lead. |
| Size of Clock Cord: | |
| Length of Clock Cord: | |
| How Led: | Thru lantern deck direct to floor below. |
| Diameter and Length of Clock Drum: |
| Chariot Balls |
| Balls Description: | V grooves |
| Cage to Separate Balls: | False |
| Number of Balls: | 20 |
| Diameter of Balls: | 3/8" |
| Closets and Store Rooms |
| Tower Closet Use: | None |
| Oil House Description: | Oil stored in Boathouse & in basement of dwelling. |
| Oil House Inside Dimension: | |
| Oil House Construction Material: | |
| Oil House Capacity: | |
| Other (Describe): | Closets for all rooms in dwelling fitted up with shelves & hooks. Pantry for dwelling fitted up with shelving. |
| Suitability: | Dry & suited to purposes for which they were designed. |
| Fog Signal General |
| Fog Signal Kind: | Marine Steam boiler, 10" steam whistle. |
| Time to Start: | From 30 min to 1 hour, according to direction of wind. |
| How Long Will Pressure Last: | |
| Manufacturer: | Original plant, Detroit Loco. Works; New boilers, Freeman & Sons Co. |
| Year of Manufacture: | 1883 |
| Characteristic: | 5 sec blasts with 25 sec silent intervals. |
| Duplication: | All except whistle & pipe leading to whistle. |
| Timing Device: | Cams on worm wheel on engine |
| If whistle, siren, or trumpet, Pressure at Which Blown: | Whistle, 90# |
| Height Above Water: | 31' |
| Compass Direction: | |
| Location: | W'ly, a part of & adjoining tower. |
| Distance and Direction: | Incorporated in lighthouse tower, at base of same. |
| Water Supply: | Well on SE side of signal house; under rock foundation. |
| Reached from Lighthouse: | Entrance to fog-signal is within 40' of entrance to dwelling. |
| Description of Fog Signal Building: | Adjoining base of tower, walls lined with brick & covered with iron plates, ceiling covered with boards & sheet iron. Roof covered with iron plates, all colored white, circular on plan. |
| Pressure And Recording Gauge: |
| Steam Signal |
| Steam Boiler: | 32 3/4 HP steam boilers, S. Freeman & Son Mf'g Co., Racine, WI. |
| Kind: | 2 Marine Boilers. Open bottoms with double stack. |
| Tube: | Flue tube |
| Dimensions: | Width 4' 9" |
| Length: | 6' 6" |
| Diameter: | Semi-dia. of top 4' 9"; height 7' 5" |
| Tube Description: | 102 in each, 58 1/4" long |
| Steam Tube Diameter: | 2.5" |
| Steam Furnace Kind: | Part of boiler |
| Furnace Length: | 5' 1" |
| Furnace Width: | 4' 3" |
| Furnace Height: | 1' 7" |
| Steam Heat Surface: | 393.95 sq. ft. |
| Steam Grate Surface: | 22 sq. ft. |
| Number of Grate Bars: | 17 double; 1 single |
| Kind of Grate Bars: | Double bar, spade end 60" long |
| Steam Fuel: | Anthracite coal. |
| Steam Safety Valve: | Cast iron 2.5" with lever & weight. |
| Steam Maximum Pressure: | 135# |
| Steam Working Pressure: | 90# |
| Steam Diameter of Smokestack: | 2 - 20" dia. |
| Smokestack Height: | 32' |
| Drum Dimension: | 60" |
| Steam Drum Diameter: | 30" |
| Steam Covering: | Felt covered with canvas lined with asbestos. |
| Steam Boiler Condition: | Very good, except tubes - fair |
| Steam Boiler Built: | 1899 |
| Where Built: | Racine, WI. |
| Manufacturer: | S. Freeman & Son Mf'g Co. |
| Steam Heater: | False |
| Kind: | |
| Size: | |
| Heater Time Affect: | |
| Steam Engine Kind: | Upright steam |
| Steam Engine Revolutions: | 122 rpm |
| Steam Engine Cyl. Diameter: | 4" |
| Steam Engine Piston Stroke: | 9" |
| Steam Engine Pipe Size: | To engine 3/4"; to pump 1/2"; to injector 3/4" |
| Steam Engine When Built: | 1883 |
| Steam Engine Where Built: | Detroit, MI. |
| Manufacturer: | Detroit Locomotive Works |
| Whistle Signal |
| Whistle Diameter: | 10" |
| Whistle Height: | 17" |
| Whistle Orifice: | 2.5" |
| Whistle Tone: | Single |
| Whistle Chime: |
| Dwelling |
| Location: | Incorporated in lighthouse tower at base of same |
| Coloring: | Roof red; all walls, white |
| Construction Materials: | Brick & stone wall, covered with iron plates with 4" concrete btwn iron plates & brick. Roof covered with copper, standing seam. |
| Number of Rooms: | 4 living rooms, storeroom, workroom & pantry. |
| Number of Dwellings: | |
| Heating Plant: | |
| Number of Keepers: | Keeper, 1st & 2nd assts. |
| Furnished Quarters: | |
| NOT Furnished Quarters: | |
| Outhouses: | Boathouse, 17' 6" x 40' |
| Outhouse Coloring: | White |
| Paths and Walks: | Deck of pier, exterior of bldgs. |
| Area Inclosed: | Concrete protecting pier, 80' 9" x 90' 5". Iron standards - chain railing. |
| Area of Garden: | None |
| Area Timber or Shrubbery: | None |
| Cultivation Area Available: | None |
| Area Cultivated: | None |
| Character of Surroundings: | Water - Lake Michigan. |
| Stove, Maker: | |
| Stove, Size: | |
| Sink, Maker: | |
| Sink, Size: | |
| Pump, Maker: | |
| Pump, Size: | |
| Lamps: |
| Water |
| How Procured: | From well for fog signal; pumped from Lake for drinking & domestic uses. |
| Quality: | Good |
| Quantity: | Ample supply at all seasons. |
| Injury Possible: | Not liable to injury |
| Purity Precaution: | None |
| Tank Capacity: | 2300 gals |
| Tank Material: | Sheet steel 7' high, 7' 6" dia., placed in NE corner of signal house on iron base fastened to bldg. |
| Distilling Apparatus: | False |
| Distilling Manufacturer: | |
| Well Description: | Well for fog-signal uses, thru pier to water |
| Well Diameter: | 4 - 4" pipes 10' 3" long |
| Well Lining: | |
| Pump or Bucket: | Pumped from lake for drinking purposes. |
| What Power Used: | |
| Distance from Dwelling: | Water may be obtained from Lake by buckets from any of 4 sides of pier. |
| Healthfulness |
| General Opinion: | Good health generally prevails |
| Diseases: | |
| Prevalency: | |
| Local Causes: | No local causes whatever likely to cause disease. |
| Recommended Improvements: | No need. |
| Miscellaneous |
| Access to Lighthouse: | Boat landing consists of platform on E corner of pier built on exposed sea wall of pier. Station boats are hoisted to & lowered from deck of pier by boat cranes on davits. There are 2 of these cranes, 1 on E & 1 on S corner of pier. Boathouse 17' 6" x 40' |
| Distance and Direction: | Boat house & boat landing on part of concrete protecting pier of lighthouse crib. |
| Miscellaneous Remarks: | Boats are taken into & from boathouse on ways fitted with rollers. |
| Hoisting Engines |
| Hoisting Engine Kind: | 2 Boat cranes, hand hoist. |
| Engine RPMs: | |
| Engine Diameter: | |
| Engine Stroke: | |
| Engine Boiler: | |
| Engine Maker and Date: | |
| Serial Number: | |
| Cylinders and Size: | |
| Horsepower: | |
| Fuel: | |
| Hoist Starter: | |
| Hoist Miscellaneous: |